Add a Producer/Consumer system.

It allow you to create the two end of a pipe: A producer and consumer.
The producer can be moved into another thread.
Several producer can be created if necessary.

This will ease merging:
https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI/pull/11

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -18,9 +18,17 @@ add_library(screen
   src/ftxui/screen/string.cpp
   src/ftxui/screen/terminal.cpp
   src/ftxui/screen/wcwidth.cpp
+  include/ftxui/screen/box.hpp
+  include/ftxui/screen/color.hpp
+  include/ftxui/screen/screen.hpp
+  include/ftxui/screen/string.hpp
 )
 
 add_library(dom
+  include/ftxui/dom/elements.hpp
+  include/ftxui/dom/node.hpp
+  include/ftxui/dom/requirement.hpp
+  include/ftxui/dom/take_any_args.hpp
   src/ftxui/dom/blink.cpp
   src/ftxui/dom/bold.cpp
   src/ftxui/dom/border.cpp
@@ -57,6 +65,16 @@ add_library(component
   src/ftxui/component/radiobox.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.cpp
   src/ftxui/component/toggle.cpp
+  include/ftxui/component/checkbox.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/component.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/container.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/event.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/input.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/menu.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/radiobox.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/producer_consumer.hpp
+  include/ftxui/component/toggle.hpp
 )
 
 add_library(ftxui::screen ALIAS screen)

include/ftxui/component/event.hpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <functional>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
+#include <ftxui/component/producer_consumer.hpp>
 
 namespace ftxui {
 
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ struct Event {
   static Event Character(const std::string&);
   static Event Special(const std::string&);
 
-  static Event GetEvent(std::function<char()> getchar);
+  static void Convert(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, char c);
 
   // --- Arrow ---
   static Event ArrowLeft;

include/ftxui/component/producer_consumer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#ifndef FTXUI_COMPONENTS_CONSUMER_PRODUCER_H_
+#define FTXUI_COMPONENTS_CONSUMER_PRODUCER_H_
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <queue>
+
+namespace ftxui {
+
+// Usage:
+//
+// Initialization:
+// ---------------
+//
+// auto consumer = MakeConsumer<std:string>();
+// auto producer_1 = consumer.MakeProducer();
+// auto producer_2 = consumer.MakeProducer();
+//
+// Then move one producers elsewhere, potentially in a different thread.
+// ----------------------
+// [thread 1] producer_1->Send("hello");
+// [thread 2] producer_2->Send("world");
+//
+// On the consumer side:
+// ---------------------
+// char c;
+// while(consumer_->Receive(&c)) // Return true as long as there is a producer.
+//   print(c)
+//
+// Consumer::Receive returns true when the last Producer is released.
+
+// clang-format off
+template<class T> class ProducerImpl;
+template<class T> class ConsumerImpl;
+template<class T> using Producer = std::unique_ptr<ProducerImpl<T>>;
+template<class T> using Consumer = std::unique_ptr<ConsumerImpl<T>>;
+template<class T> Consumer<T> MakeConsumer();
+// clang-format on
+
+// ---- Implementation part ----
+
+template <class T>
+class ProducerImpl {
+ public:
+  void Send(T t) { consumer_->Receive(std::move(t)); }
+  ~ProducerImpl() { consumer_->producers_--; }
+
+ private:
+  friend class ConsumerImpl<T>;
+  ProducerImpl(ConsumerImpl<T>* consumer) : consumer_(consumer) {}
+  ConsumerImpl<T>* consumer_;
+};
+
+template <class T>
+class ConsumerImpl {
+ public:
+  Producer<T> MakeProducer() {
+    producers_++;
+    return std::unique_ptr<ProducerImpl<T>>(new ProducerImpl<T>(this));
+  }
+
+  bool Receive(T* t) {
+    while (producers_) {
+      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+      while (queue_.empty())
+        notifier_.wait(lock);
+      if (queue_.empty())
+        continue;
+      *t = std::move(queue_.front());
+      queue_.pop();
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  friend class ProducerImpl<T>;
+
+  void Receive(T t) {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    queue_.push(std::move(t));
+    notifier_.notify_one();
+  }
+
+  std::mutex mutex_;
+  std::queue<T> queue_;
+  std::condition_variable notifier_;
+  std::atomic<int> producers_ = 0;
+};
+
+template <class T>
+Consumer<T> MakeConsumer() {
+  return std::make_unique<ConsumerImpl<T>>();
+}
+
+}  // namespace ftxui
+
+#endif  // FTXUI_COMPONENTS_CONSUMER_PRODUCER_H_

include/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.hpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "ftxui/component/event.hpp"
 #include "ftxui/screen/screen.hpp"
+#include <ftxui/component/producer_consumer.hpp>
 
 namespace ftxui {
 class Component;
@@ -40,13 +41,13 @@ class ScreenInteractive : public Screen {
   Dimension dimension_ = Dimension::Fixed;
   ScreenInteractive(int dimx, int dimy, Dimension dimension);
 
-  std::condition_variable events_queue_cv;
-  std::mutex events_queue_mutex;
-  std::queue<Event> events_queue;
-  std::atomic<bool> quit_ = false;
+  Producer<Event> event_producer_;
+  Consumer<Event> event_consumer_;
 
   std::string set_cursor_position;
   std::string reset_cursor_position;
+
+  std::atomic<bool>quit_ = false;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ftxui

src/ftxui/component/event.cpp

@@ -36,19 +36,25 @@ Event Event::Special(const std::string& input) {
   return event;
 }
 
-Event ParseUTF8(std::function<char()>& getchar, std::string& input) {
-  if ((input[0] & 0b11000000) == 0b11000000)
-    input += getchar();
-  if ((input[0] & 0b11100000) == 0b11100000)
-    input += getchar();
-  if ((input[0] & 0b11110000) == 0b11110000)
-    input += getchar();
-  return Event::Character(input);
+void ParseUTF8(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, std::string& input) {
+  char c;
+  char mask = 0b11000000;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+    if ((input[0] & mask) == mask) {
+      if (!in->Receive(&c))
+        return;
+      input += c;
+    }
+    mask = mask >> 1 | 0b10000000;
+  }
+  out->Send(Event::Character(input));
 }
 
-Event ParseCSI(std::function<char()> getchar, std::string& input) {
+void ParseCSI(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, std::string& input) {
+  char c;
   while (1) {
-    char c = getchar();
+    if (!in->Receive(&c))
+      return;
     input += c;
 
     if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
@@ -58,80 +64,95 @@ Event ParseCSI(std::function<char()> getchar, std::string& input) {
       continue;
 
     if (c >= ' ' && c <= '~')
-      return Event::Special(input);
+      return out->Send(Event::Special(input));
 
     // Invalid ESC in CSI.
     if (c == '\x1B')
-      return Event::Special(input);
+      return out->Send(Event::Special(input));
   }
 }
 
-Event ParseDCS(std::function<char()> getchar, std::string& input) {
+void ParseDCS(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, std::string& input) {
+  char c;
   // Parse until the string terminator ST.
   while (1) {
-    input += getchar();
+    if (!in->Receive(&c))
+      return;
+    input += c;
     if (input.back() != '\x1B')
       continue;
-    input += getchar();
+    if (!in->Receive(&c))
+      return;
+    input += c;
     if (input.back() != '\\')
       continue;
-    return Event::Special(input);
+    return out->Send(Event::Special(input));
   }
 }
 
-Event ParseOSC(std::function<char()> getchar, std::string& input) {
+void ParseOSC(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, std::string& input) {
+  char c;
   // Parse until the string terminator ST.
   while (1) {
-    input += getchar();
+    if (!in->Receive(&c))
+      return;
+    input += c;
     if (input.back() != '\x1B')
       continue;
-    input += getchar();
+    if (!in->Receive(&c))
+      return;
+    input += c;
     if (input.back() != '\\')
       continue;
-    return Event::Special(input);
+    return out->Send(Event::Special(input));
   }
 }
 
-Event ParseESC(std::function<char()> getchar, std::string& input) {
-  input += getchar();
-  switch (input.back()) {
+void ParseESC(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, std::string& input) {
+  char c;
+  if (!in->Receive(&c))
+    return;
+  input += c;
+  switch (c) {
     case 'P':
-      return ParseDCS(getchar, input);
+      return ParseDCS(in, out, input);
     case '[':
-      return ParseCSI(getchar, input);
+      return ParseCSI(in, out, input);
     case ']':
-      return ParseOSC(getchar, input);
+      return ParseOSC(in, out, input);
     default:
-      input += getchar();
-      return Event::Special(input);
+      if (!in->Receive(&c))
+        return;
+      input += c;
+      out->Send(Event::Special(input));
   }
 }
 
 // static
-Event Event::GetEvent(std::function<char()> getchar) {
+void Event::Convert(Consumer<char>& in, Producer<Event>& out, char c) {
   std::string input;
-  input += getchar();
+  input += c;
 
   unsigned char head = input[0];
   switch (head) {
-    case 24:           // CAN
-    case 26:           // SUB
-      return Event();  // Ignored.
+    case 24:  // CAN
+    case 26:  // SUB
+      return;
 
     case 'P':
-      return ParseDCS(getchar, input);
+      return ParseDCS(in, out, input);
 
     case '\x1B':
-      return ParseESC(getchar, input);
+      return ParseESC(in, out, input);
   }
 
   if (head < 32)  // C0
-    return Event::Special(input);
+    return out->Send(Event::Special(input));
 
   if (head == 127)  // Delete
-    return Event::Special(input);
+    return out->Send(Event::Special(input));
 
-  return ParseUTF8(getchar, input);
+  return ParseUTF8(in, out, input);
 }
 
 // --- Arrow ---

src/ftxui/component/pipe.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef FTXUI_COMPONENTS_TASK_QUEUE_H_
+#define FTXUI_COMPONENTS_TASK_QUEUE_H_
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <queue>
+
+
+
+template <class T>
+class TaskQueue {
+ public:
+  void Post(T task);
+  void Close();
+  bool Take(T& task);
+ private:
+  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(events_queue_mutex);
+  events_queue.push(event);
+  events_queue_cv.notify_one();
+
+  std::condition_variable events_queue_cv;
+  std::mutex events_queue_mutex;
+  std::queue<Event> events_queue;
+  std::atomic<bool> quit_ = false;
+};
+
+#endif  // FTXUI_COMPONENTS_TASK_QUEUE_H_

src/ftxui/component/screen_interactive.cpp

@@ -57,7 +57,11 @@ void OnResize(int /* signal */) {
 }
 
 ScreenInteractive::ScreenInteractive(int dimx, int dimy, Dimension dimension)
-    : Screen(dimx, dimy), dimension_(dimension) {}
+    : Screen(dimx, dimy), dimension_(dimension) {
+  event_consumer_ = MakeConsumer<Event>();
+  event_producer_ = event_consumer_->MakeProducer();
+}
+
 ScreenInteractive::~ScreenInteractive() {}
 
 // static
@@ -81,21 +85,7 @@ ScreenInteractive ScreenInteractive::FitComponent() {
 }
 
 void ScreenInteractive::PostEvent(Event event) {
-  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(events_queue_mutex);
-  events_queue.push(event);
-  events_queue_cv.notify_one();
-}
-
-void ScreenInteractive::EventLoop(Component* component) {
-  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(events_queue_mutex);
-  while (!quit_ && events_queue.empty())
-    events_queue_cv.wait(lock);
-
-  // After the wait, we own the lock.
-  while (!events_queue.empty()) {
-    component->OnEvent(events_queue.front());
-    events_queue.pop();
-  }
+  event_producer_->Send(event);
 }
 
 void ScreenInteractive::Loop(Component* component) {
@@ -150,12 +140,25 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Loop(Component* component) {
     std::cout << std::endl;
   });
 
-  // Spawn a thread. It will listen for new characters being typed.
-  std::thread read_char([this] {
-    while (!quit_) {
-      auto event = Event::GetEvent([] { return (char)getchar(); });
-      PostEvent(std::move(event));
-    }
+  auto char_consumer = MakeConsumer<char>();
+
+  // Spawn a thread to produce char.
+  auto char_producer = char_consumer->MakeProducer();
+  std::thread read_char([&] {
+    // TODO(arthursonzogni): Use a timeout so that it doesn't block even if the
+    // user doesn't generate new chars.
+    while (!quit_)
+      char_producer->Send((char)getchar());
+    char_producer.reset();
+  });
+
+  // Spawn a thread producing events and consumer chars.
+  auto event_producer = event_consumer_->MakeProducer();
+  std::thread convert_char_to_event([&] {
+    char c;
+    while (char_consumer->Receive(&c))
+      Event::Convert(char_consumer, event_producer, c);
+    event_producer.reset();
   });
 
   // The main loop.
@@ -164,9 +167,12 @@ void ScreenInteractive::Loop(Component* component) {
     Draw(component);
     std::cout << ToString() << set_cursor_position << std::flush;
     Clear();
-    EventLoop(component);
+    Event event;
+    if (event_consumer_->Receive(&event))
+      component->OnEvent(event);
   }
   read_char.join();
+  convert_char_to_event.join();
   OnExit(0);
 }